Until today, the answer was clear: to reduce cardiovascular risk and diabetes. A new study assessing the mortality of those who lost weight or not, refines this logic?
Today, the France has nearly 20 million adults overweight or obese. For many years, the fight against overweight is part of the public health actions. Indeed, the excess weight is associated with increased cardiovascular risk and type 2 mellitus diabetes. One can expect that the weight loss in obese subjects accompanied by an improvement of the cardiovascular profile, a decrease in the risk of diabetes and a decrease in mortality.
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This is true for those with cardiovascular actual risk (hypertension, cholesterol and / or triglycerides, fasting glucose greater than 1.10 g / l).However, for overweight subjects, showing no effective cardiovascular risk, weight loss or fat increases mortality, whereas weight maintenance is beneficial.
Excess mortality has been evaluated in a population of nearly 3,000 overweight or obese subjects with no cardiovascular risk. The authors divided the volunteers into groups according to their intention to lose weight and the actual weight loss achieved. They note as well as weight loss, intentional or not, has no effect on mortality at six. Thus, people who have lost weight and those who have taken have an excess mortality of 43% and 46% respectively, compared with those who maintained a stable weight. And it is precisely the subjects who intended to lose weight, but the weight remained stable, which have the lowest mortality. As for the higher mortality is observed among subjects who lost weight intentionally. And this, even compared to people who lost weight unintentionally.
The authors state that compared to the physical practice, caloric restriction does not reduce long-term excess mortality associated with overweight in the absence of cardiovascular objective risk factor.
To explain this phenomenon, several assumptions are made: weight loss could result in the release of toxic substances from adipose tissue, or be associated with different biological effects, some positive, others negative.
In practice, the priority for overweight people is no longer growing. Then, if you want to lose weight for personal reasons, it is better to do it with tracking a healthcare professional.
In conclusion, the research should continue. At the same time, the development of overweight prevention remains essential and urgent! Recall that a French ten is obese, while one in three is overweight. More than 41% of the more than fifteen years are affected by a problem of overweight or obesity. And this phenomenon continues to grow. If nothing is done, the France will count 20% obese in 2020.
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